Environmental Safety and Housekeeping:

Maintaining a clean environment is critical for infection control. 

• Disinfection: Surfaces and equipment must be cleaned with approved disinfectants after contact with bloody or body fluids. 
• Waste Management: Contaminated laundry and waste must be handled using biohazard-labeled bags. 
• Prohibitions: Eating, drinking, or applying cosmetics is strictly prohibited in areas where bloodborne pathogen exposure is likely. 

Tuberculosis (TB) Precautions: 

TB remains a global health threat. In 2024, the U.S. saw a continued increase in TB cases, with over 9,600 cases reported [4]. 

• Respiratory Protection: Healthcare workers caring for TB patients must use NIOSH-approved N95 respirators. 
• Fit Testing: Employees must undergo annual fit testing and medical evaluation to ensure they can safely wear the respirator. 

Workplace Violence: 

Healthcare workers are 4 to 5 times more likely to experience workplace violence than workers in other industries [5]. Most incidents involve assaults by patients or visitors.  Facilities must implement violence prevention programs and provide training to staff on de-escalation and safety protocols. 

Hazard Communication and Chemical Safety:

The “Right to know” law requires employers to inform staff about hazardous chemicals in the workplace. 

•  Safety Data Sheets (SDS): Formerly known as MSDS, these must be accessible for every hazardous substance. 
• Labeling: All containers must be clearly labeled.  
• Spill Management: Staff must be trained on how to use spill kits and follow specific protocols for contaminating and cleaning chemical or blood spills. 

Fire and Radiation Safety: 

• Fire Safety: Facilities must have active fire safety programs, including alarms, sprinklers, and extinguishers. The RACE acronym (Rescue, Alert, Confine, Extinguish) is a standard guide for fire response. 
• Radiation Safety: Employers must monitor radiation exposure for staff working near X-rays or radioactive isotopes. Monitoring badges are required for those at risk of exceeding 25% of the allowable limit.